Explanation :

• Yellow rust or stripe rust (Puccinia striiformistritici) is an important disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum), especially in cool climates.
• Ripe rust of wheat is caused by the basidiomycete fungus Puccinia striiformis in the order Uredinales.
• It is considered to be an obligate parasite.
• The symptoms are symmetrical “stripe” lesions along the leaf, bearing orange-yellow pustules. These are located just underneath the upper leaf layer (epidermis), and are much less compact than brown rust pustules.
• The ideal growth conditions for yellow rust are temperatures of between 8-13°C for spore germination and penetration, and 12-15° C for further development and with free water.

Explanation :

• National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Ltd. (NAFED) was founded on the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi on 2^nd October, 1958, in order to promote the trade of agricultural produce and forest resources across the nation.
• Registered under the Multi State Co-operative Societies Act, it is the national level marketing agency for agricultural products in the Cooperative Sector.
• Objective: To promote Co-operative marketing of Agricultural Produce to benefit the farmers.
• It is the nodal agency to implement price stabilization measures under "Operation Greens" which aims to double the farmers' income by 2022.

Explanation :

• In one of the major efforts towards doubling the Farmers Income, Prime Minister launched theNational Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP) for eradicating the Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis in the livestock, on 11^thSeptember, 2019 in Mathura in Uttar Pradesh.
• The NADCP aims to eradicate Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis in the livestock and to vaccinate over 500 million livestock including cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats and pigs against foot and mouth disease.
• The programme aims at vaccinating 36 million female bovine calves annually in its fight against Brucellosis disease. The programme has two components - control diseases by 2025 and eradication by 2030.

Foot and Mouth Disease(FMD)

• It is a highly communicable disease affecting cloven-footed animals caused by a virus of7 different types.
• It is characterized by fever, formation of vesicles and blisters in the mouth, udder, teats and on the skin between the toes and above the hoofs.

Brucellosis

• It is an infectious disease that occurs from contact with animals carrying Brucella bacteria. It can infect cattle, goats, camels, dogs, and pigs.
• The bacteria can spread to humans if you come in contact with infected meat or the placenta of infected animals or on consumption ofunpasteurized milk.

Source: Civil Services Chronicle Online

Explanation :

• NERAMAC was set up in 1982 to support farmers/producers of North East getting remunerative prices for their produce and thereby bridge the gap between the farmers and the market and also to enhance the agricultural, procurement, processing and marketing infrastructure of the Northeastern Region of India.
• Presently it is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER), Government of India.
• It acts as a torch bearer for the potential entrepreneurs helping them get exposure about the advanced processing technologies and the farmers by providing them with appropriate market linkages as well as remunerative prices for their produces in order to double their income by the end of 2022.

Source: Civil Services Chronicle Online

Explanation :

Green Revolution is related to agricultural sector, White Revolution is related to milk and dairy sector and Pink Revolution is related to technological revolution in the field of Meat & Poultry Processing.

In Maharashtra, Pink Revolution is taking shape, where imported pigs are being reared in hygienic condition which will empower the farmers with additional income and can help a sizeable number of people in meeting their protein needs.

Source: TH

Explanation :

• India has the largest area under cotton production in the world.
• India is the 2^nd largest producer of cotton in the world after China.
• India is the 2^nd largest exporter of cotton in the world after US.
• India is the 2^nd largest consumer of cotton in the world.
• Cotton is a kharif crop that is generally sown in April and harvested in December.