The Disaster Management Act, 2005 marks the institutionalization of paradigm shift in disaster management in India, from a relief-centric approach to one of proactive prevention, mitigation and preparedness.
This Act envisages a three-tier Disaster Management structure in India at the National, State and the District levels.
Under the Act, the NDMA, SDMA, NEC, NDRF, NIDM and disaster related funds were established.
National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA): NDMA is headed by the Prime Minister. It is the apex body, which is mandated to lay down the policies, plans and guidelines for Disaster Management to ensure timely and effective response to disasters.
State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA): The SDMA is established in the State under the Chairmanship of the Chief Minister with 8 other members under section 14 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005. It is the apex body for disaster management in the State.
