The Tribunals Reforms Act, 2021

It received Presidential Assent on 13th August 2021. The Act seeks to dissolve certain existing appellate bodies and transfer their functions such as adjudication of appeals to other existing judicial bodies.

Amendments to the Finance Act, 2017: The Finance Act, 2017 merged tribunals based on domain. It empowered the central government to notify rules on various matters such as

  1. composition of search-cum-selection committees,
  2. qualifications of tribunal members, and
  3. their terms and conditions of service (such as their removal and salaries).

It removes these provisions from the Finance Act, 2017.

Transfer of Functions of Key Appellate Bodies as Proposed under the Act

Sl. No.

Act

Existing Appellate Body

Proposed Body under the Act

1.

The Cinematograph Act, 1952

Appellate Tribunal

High Court

2.

The Trade Marks Act, 1999

Appellate Board

High Court

3.

The Copyright Act, 1957

Appellate Board

Commercial Court or the Commercial Division of a High Court (Constituted under the Commercial Courts Act, 2015)

4.

The Customs Act, 1962

Authority for Advance Rulings

High Court

5.

The Patents Act, 1970

Appellate Board

High Court

6.

The Airports Authority of India Act, 1994

Airport Appellate Tribunal

Central government, for disputes arising from the disposal of properties left on airport premises by unauthorized occupants.
High Court, for appeals against orders of an eviction officer.
7.

The Control of

National Highways

(Land and Traffic) Act, 2002

Airport Appellate Tribunal

Civil Court

8.

The Geographical Indications of

Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999

Appellate Board

High Court