Slavery, Untouchability and Occupational Stratification in Ancient Society
Slavery, untouchability, and occupational stratification were defining features of ancient Indian society, evolving from rudimentary class divisions to a rigid, religiously sanctioned caste system (Varna-Jati). Their study reveals the complex relationship between economic necessity, ritual purity, and the systematic institutionalization of oppression and social hierarchy across various historical periods.
Evolution of Hierarchy and Exclusion
|
Social Institution |
Ancient/Vedic Period |
Post-Vedic/Classical Period |
Philosophical/Legal Codification |
|
Slavery (Dasa) |
Economic/War-Based: Slavery was known but was generally non-hereditary, often resulting from capture in war or inability to pay debt; slaves were primarily used in domestic work and agriculture. |
Codified and Diversified: Slavery became systematically codified in legal texts (Manusmriti, Arthashastra); .... |
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