Relations between India and Pakistan has been mired with internecine attacks and counter-attacks. The two countries waged wars in 1948, 1965, 1971, 1999. Sporadic efforts have been made towards normalization of relations between two neighbouring nations, but most of these notions are mudded due to Pakistan’s belligerence.
Recent Developments Despite the continuing frost in relations and exchange of fire across the border, India and Pakistan continued their New Year tradition of exchanging lists of prisoners and nuclear installations. Humanitarian Initiatives
Kulbhushan Jadhav Case
Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement
Last Successful Meeting
Meetings Called Off
Kartarpur Corridor
China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
Indus Water Treaty
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Our Honble PM has a vision of harnessing and augmenting relations with bordering nations with ‘neighbour first policy’ which he had mentioned several times in various meetings/ conferences. Pakistan’s new PM Imran Khan also announced Pakistan’s willingness to improve ties with India and declared that if India takes one step towards Pakistan, the latter would take two. But, in the light of incidences where India-Pakistan border skirmishes are on the rise with ceasefire violations and cross border firings. Thus, inconsistency/ hatred prevails with peace remaining an elusive goal.
India’s Stand on Terrorism
India-Pakistan Relations: Major Milestones |
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Sl.no. |
Wars/ Agreement |
Timeline |
Reason |
1. |
Kashmir Conflict |
1947 |
The Pakistani Army infiltrated Kashmir through tribal forces in an attempt to occupy Kashmir. This was followed by the Maharaja of Kashmir, Hari Singh signing the agreement of accession to the dominion of India resulting in a full-fledged war. |
2. |
1965 War |
1965 |
The war of 1965 was a result of Operation Gibralter carried out by Pakistani armed forces to occupy Kashmir. |
3. |
1971 War |
1971 |
It occurred as a result of the ongoing war between East Pakistan and West Pakistan. The war resulted in the independence of East Pakistan and the creation of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. |
4. |
Shimla Agreement |
1972 |
Both sides agreed to settle any disputes “by peaceful means”. It also re-designated the ceasefire line of December 17, 1971, as being the new “Line-of-Control (LoC)”. |
5. |
Siachen Conflict |
1984 |
The struggle ensued after India launched Operation Meghdoot, gaining control over the Siachen glacier. It was followed by Pakistani army launching strikes on several occasions in 1985, 1987 and 1995 to expel Indian forces. |
6. |
Kargil War |
1999 |
The Kargil war of 1999 took place immediately following the Pakistani army’s infiltration into the Kargil district in Kashmir. |
7. |
Lahore Declaration |
1999 |
Both countries reaffirmed their commitment to the Shimla Accord, and agreed to undertake a number of ‘Confidence Building Measures’ (CBMs). |
Trade Relations