Preservation of Heritage Sites in Modern Times

Cultural heritage includes monuments, temples, forts, manuscripts, and archaeological sites of historical, artistic, or scientific value. In modern times, heritage preservation has evolved from traditional community-based protection to institutional, scientific, and international efforts.

Background

  • Ancient India’s concept of “Dharma” emphasized the protection of temples, stupas, viharas, and sacred groves.
  • Mauryan and Gupta rulers built and maintained stupas, chaityas, and temples (e.g., Sanchi, Bharhut, and Ajanta). Inscriptions mention royal endowments for maintenance of heritage structures.
  • Medieval rulers like Cholas, Mughals, and Rajputs patronized temple and fort restoration (e.g., Brihadeshwara Temple, Agra Fort repairs).
  • Preservation was spiritual and royal responsibility, not a scientific ....
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