(a) Rapid Modernisation of Police Forces
The Government in September 2017 gave its approval for implementation of umbrella scheme of “Modernisation of Police Forces (MPF)” for years 2017-18 to 2019-20. The financial outlay for the scheme over the three-year’s period is Rs. 25,060 crore, out of which the Central Government share will be Rs 18,636 crore and the States’ share will be Rs. 6,424 crore.
Mob Lynching A lynching is a killing by a mob of people, thus it is often regarded to as ‘Mob Lynching/ Mobocracy‘. Such instances of persons taking the law in their own hands run against the basic tenets of the rule of law.
Recently, National Campaign Against Mob Lynching (NCAML)’s draft Protection from Lynching Act, 2017 was introduced which provides definition of terms such as mob, lynching, & victim and provides provision for lynching which makes it a non-bailable offence. It also guarantees a speedy trial and witness protection. |
Key Features
SAMADHAN On May 08, 2017, the Union Home Minister announced a new strategy called Samadhan, which is a compilation of short term and long term policies formulated at different levels.
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Note: The umbrella scheme also provides for setting up of a State-of Art forensic science laboratory in Amravati, Andhra Pradesh and upgradation of Sardar Patel Global Centre for Security, Counter Terrorism and Anti Insurgency in Jaipur and Gujarat Forensic Science University in Gandhi Nagar. |
Government’s Approach to Tackle Left-Wing Terrorism
Some of the prominent schemes are-
The ‘Special Central Assistance’ (SCA) for 35 most LWE affected districts for creating public infrastructures and services in affected areas; ‘Road Requirement Plan–I &II’ for improving road connectivity in 34 LWE affected districts; skill development in 34 Districts of LWE under the ‘Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojna’ (PMKVY); ‘Fortified Police Stations’ by construction and strengthening of 400 police stations in 10 LWE affected states; and installation of mobile towers in the affected states for better communication network.
Digital Police Portal The Centre launched Digital Police Portal under CCTNS project in August, 2017. The MHA will undertake steps to integrate various organs of the Criminal Justice System such as Police, Courts, Prisons, Prosecution, Forensic Laboratories, Finger Prints and Juvenile Homes with the CCTNS database. This Interoperable Criminal Justice System (ICJS) will be a useful resource for all stakeholders including the policy makers. The Digital Police Portal will enable citizens to register FIRs online and the portal will initially offer seven Public Delivery Services in 34 States & UTs. The CCTNS portal will provide investigator the complete record history of any criminal from anywhere across the country. |
(b) Crime and Criminals Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS) Project
(c) Border Protection Grid (BPG)
(d) Coastal Security in India
Indian coasts are guarded by a 3-tier system of State Marine Police, Indian Coast Guard (ICG) and Indian Navy.
(e) National Investigation Agency (NIA)
(f) National Security Advisor (NSA)
(g) National Security Guard (NSG)
(h) National Technical Research Organization (NTRO)
The National Technical Research Organisation (NTRO) is a technical intelligence Agency under the National Security Advisor in the Prime Minister's Office, India. It was set up in 2004. It also includes National Institute of Cryptology Research and Development (NICRD), which is first of its kind in Asia.
The Ministry of Home Affairs on May 15, 2017 issued a notification listing NTRO under the Intelligence Organisations (Restriction of Rights) Act, 1985.
Intelligence Organisations (Restriction of Rights) Act, 1985
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Government Agencies to Safeguard Internal Security
The Indian Paramilitary Forces (PMF) are regarded as the world’s second largest paramilitary force, second only to China with 1.5 million personnel. Overall it has a two-tier structure, the Central Police Organizations (CPO), which forms the first tier, and the second tier known as Central Paramilitary Forces (CPF).
(a) Central Police Organizations (Tier 1): The Central Police Organizations (CPO) work independently or in coordination with the Indian Federal Agencies and State Police Forces. Railway Protection Force, Central Reserve Police Force, Special Protection Group, Home Guard and Commando Battalion for Resolute Action (COBRA) are CPOs which comes under Tier I paramilitary forces.
(b) Central Paramilitary Forces (Tier 2): The Central Paramilitary Forces (CPF) forms the second tier of Paramilitary Forces. The CPF works in cooperation with the Indian Armed Forces. CPF constitutes of Border Security Force, National Security Guard, Central Industrial Security Force, Sashastra Seema Bal, Defence Security Corps, Indo-Tibetan Border Police, Rashtriya Rifles, Assam Rifles and Special Frontier Force.