Regulation of Biopiracy
Biopiracy is the unethical appropriation of biological resources and traditional knowledge without fair compensation to local communities. It violates biodiversity sovereignty and indigenous rights. As a megadiverse nation, India’s rich medicinal plants, seeds, and traditional knowledge—like in the neem, turmeric, and basmati rice cases—have been frequent targets for foreign patents.
Recent Developments
- In 2024, concerns were raised over digital biopiracy, where genetic sequence data is patented abroad without accessing physical resources, bypassing benefit-sharing norms.
- The Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act, 2023 and Rules, 2024 introduced stronger provisions for Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) and digital documentation of traditional knowledge to prevent misappropriation.
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