NDCs and India’s Progress on Paris Agreement Targets
India’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) embody its climate commitments under the Paris Agreement (COP21, 2015). NDCs reflect efforts to reduce emissions, increase clean energy, and enhance carbon sinks, forming the basis for tracking India’s climate policy advances.
Background
- Initial NDCs (2015)
- Reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 33–35% (from 2005 levels) by 2030.
- At least 40% of electricity generation from non-fossil sources by 2030.
- Create 2.5–3 billion tonnes of additional carbon sink via forests and tree cover.
- Updated NDCs (2022)
- Cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources enhanced to 50% by 2030.
- Reduce emissions intensity by 45% by 2030 (from 2005 levels).
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Ecology & Environment
- 1 Climate Justice and the Principle of Equity in Negotiations
- 2 Emissions Trading and Air Quality Management
- 3 Climate Finance and Operationalizing Loss & Damage Mechanisms
- 4 Climate Finance Taxonomy: Defining Green Investment Standards
- 5 Climate Change: Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security
- 6 Water Scarcity and Climate Resilience
- 7 Sudden Climate Variability and Extreme Weather Pattern Shifts
- 8 LT-LEDS: India’s Long-Term Low Emissions Strategy
- 9 Forest Fire Management in India
- 10 Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) – Implications for Indian Exports

