Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)
- The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is an atmosphere-ocean coupled phenomenon characterised by differences in sea-surface temperatures between the western and eastern Indian Ocean.
- It develops when a temperature difference emerges between the eastern and western Indian Ocean, creating pressure differences that alter wind patterns, moisture transport, cloud formation, and rainfall over surrounding regions.
- The IOD is measured by the difference in sea-surface temperatures between the western Indian Ocean (near East Africa) and the eastern Indian Ocean (near Indonesia).
- It involves continuous interaction between the ocean and atmosphere, where changes in sea-surface temperatures influence winds, and the winds, in turn, modify ....
