Question : Evaluate the ‘Kitab al-Hind’ of Alberuni as a source of history of India.
(2014)
Answer : Alberuni (973-1043 AD) was an eminent scholar at the court of Mahmud of Gazni. He accompanied his patron on his Indian invasion with a view to undertake there in-depth study. He soon realized that Sanskrit was indispensable for studying Indian science and culture. Historically he is the first Islamic scholar to study Sanskrit. He translated astronomical work of Brahmagupt and Varahamihira. But magnum-opus was History of India, which throws light on custom, manners, religious beliefs ....
Question : How was the Afghan nobility responsible for the decline of the Afghan empires? Discuss.
(2012)
Answer : Ibrahim Lodi wanted to strengthen his position at the cost of his nobles and he did all that he could to humble them. He imprisioned Mian Bhur who was one of his father’s leading nobles. His offence only was that he was careless in nature and acted as he thought best in the interests of his master without always troubling to obtain the formal approval of his proceedings.
The old man died in prison and his ....
Question : Mughal painting.
(2007)
Answer : The Mughals made distinctive contribution in the field of painting. They introduced new themes depicting the court, battle scene and chase, and added new colors and new forms. They created a living tradition of painting which continued to work in different parts of the country long after the glory of the Mughals had disappeared. While at the court of Shah of Iran, Humayun had taken into his service two master painters who accompanied him to ....
Question : Write a short essay on the development of literature during the Mughal period.
(2006)
Answer : The Mughal period constitutes a brilliant epoch in the cultural history of India. The period witnessed outburst of many-side cultural activities, of which very significant strides were made in the development of literature.
There were several factors responsible for the development of literature during the Mughal period. Foremost factor was the background provided by Sufi and Bhakti saints who preached in local languages.
The next important factor was the patronage provided by the Mughal rulers to the ....