Question : The UNO was created in the light of experience of the ‘League of Nations’ but in spite of the mandate contained in the UNO constitution, its effective role maintaining world peace has lacked cohesiveness and collective approach.” Examine.
(2015)
Answer : The UN Charter Preamble reads “The purposes of the United Nations are: To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace.”
To maintain international peace and security has been the prime responsibility of the UN. During about 64 years of its existence, it has done a ....
Question : “The role of the Non-Alignment Movement in world affairs has suffered greatly due to the theatre of internecie these 15 nations decide the fate of the world.
(2015)
Answer : The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was created and founded during the collapse of the colonial system and the independence struggles of the peoples of Africa, Asia, Latin America and other regions of the world and at the height of the Cold War.
During the early days of the Movement, its actions were a key factor in the decolonization process, which led later to the attainment of freedom and independence by many countries and peoples and to the ....
Question : “The European Union, a diplomatic marvel, continues to grapple with intermittent fissures arising out of economic contentious issues that pose a challenge to an effective integration of the Union.” Critically examine.
(2015)
Answer : Since 2007, the EU has experienced a deteriorating economic situation. This has been most concerning for southern members of the Euro zone, such as Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain. Economists fear that with the current EU economic problems, we could see a lost decade of high unemployment, low economic growth and deteriorating social conditions. The Euro has caused a divergence in competitiveness. Countries who face higher labour costs cannot regain competitiveness in the usual way ....
Question : “The Russo-Japanese War helped in the rise of Japan as a great power.”
(2014)
Answer : The Russo-Japanese war halted European expansion into East Asia and provided an international structure for East Asia that brought some degree of stability to the region. It also changed the world from a European-centered world to one in which a new Pole was emerging in Asia. As a result of the war, Russia was forced to cede Port Arthur and the Liaotung Peninsula and southern half of Sakhalin Island to Japan, to evacuate Manchuria, to ....
Question : To what extent did the expansion of European Powers in the late 19th century help in the modernization of Africa?
(2014)
Answer : Between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries, Africa became the first areas of the world to experience significant consequences from European expansion.
On both sides of the Atlantic the arrival of Europeans resulted in demographic and biological changes, political upheavals, and the introduction of new trade patterns, religions, and technologies. But the depth and extent of European impact on Africa was far different. Africa was affected by the Europeans, but the regions like Americas were transformed.
Modernization ....
Question : “The Declaration of Rights was the death-warrant of the system of privilege, and so of the ancient regime … Yet in the history of ideas it belonged rather to the past than to the future.” Examine.
(2014)
Answer : The fall of Bastille and the abolition of feudalism, serfdom and class privileges by the National Assembly ushered France into a new era. On 4th August 1789, the National Assembly proclaimed the Rights of Man and of the Citizens. The Rights were formulated in 17 Articles. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen has far reaching importance not only in the history of France but also in the history of Europe ....
Question : Discuss the circumstances leading to the Suez Crisis of 1956 and examine its repercussions on global politics.
(2014)
Answer : The 1956 Suez War marked a new chapter in the development of Middle Eastern politics. The conflict was determined by a clash of interests between British imperialism and Egyptian Pan-Arabism which gained a global dimension in the context of the Cold War.
The main reason why the rupture between the UK and Egypt emerged in the first place was that each had a different perspective over the role of the Middle East in world politics. Nasser’s ....
Question : “Decolonization ‘has finished. It definitely belongs to the past. Yet somehow it has refused to become history.”
(2013)
Answer : Decolonization has finished. It definitely belongs to the past, but somehow it has refused to become history. A great deal has already been written on this subject, and yet it seems that there is little to say about it.
After the Second World War, the colonized countries wanted to become independent, struggled with their oppressors and threw off the yoke of colonial rule. Within a few years they all achieved their aim.
That is the statement that ....
Question : “In spite of the careful framing of the Charter, the role of UNO as peacekeeper and international mediator has been somewhat lacklustre and muted and that continues to be so even after the end of Cold War.” Elucidate.
(2013)
Answer : Peacekeeping has proven to be one of the most effective tools available to the UN to assist host countries navigate the difficult path from conflict to peace. Peacekeeping has unique strengths, including legitimacy, burden sharing, and an ability to deploy and sustain troops and police from around the globe, integrating them with civilian peacekeepers to advance multidimensional mandates. UN Peacekeepers provide security and the political and peacebuilding support to help countries make the difficult, early ....
Question : Examine the challenges confronted by the proponents of European unity after the collapse of Soviet Empire in Eastern Europe.
(2011)
Answer : The disintegration of USSR in the last decade of the twentieth century is the most significant event in the present history of the world. On Dec 26, 1991, the USSR was dissolved.
After the disintegration of USSR, its hold over the eastern europe declined. The europe once again moved towards the road of unity but the road was not smooth and it had many thorns in its way. Europe is a geographical unit, a civilisation, a ....
Question : How did the policy of appeasement escalate the problem of Nazi aggrandizement?
(2011)
Answer : Appeasement had a profound effect on the way international relations developed. Although it might have worked with some German Governments, with Hitler it was doomed to be a failure.
It convinced Hitler of the complacency and weakness of Britain and France to such an extent that he was willing to risk attacking Poland there by starting the second world war. The Anglo-German Naval Agreement condoning German naval re-armament was signed without prior consultation with France and ....
Question : “By 1914, the sick man of Europe was no longer just Turkey; it was Europe itself.” Explain.
(2011)
Answer : In the 19th century Ottoman Turkey’s economic conditions worsened. Turkey applied for loan to the Eruropeans, the loan was provided on the condition of trade privileges. Thus Turkey became dependent on Europe and its economic condition worsened further. On the other hand, the Europe appeared to be calm but from inside it was boiling like a volcano, which ultimately erupted in the form of World War -I of 1914, which ultimately coereced the whole world ....
Question : “The collapse of Berlin wall in 1989 brought new ideas of co-operation in Europe.”
(2011)
Answer : The fall of the Berlin wall had begun with the building of the wall in 1961. however it took three decades untill the wall was torn down. The fall was later followed by the disintegration of USSR in 1991, December and consequently lessening of the communist hold on the Eastern Europe.
The fall brought new hopes of greater co-operation among the european states. Ultimately east and west germany unified on Oct, 3, 1990. Europe is a ....
Question : “Europe faced peace in 1945 politically disorganized and economically crippled”. Elaborate.
(2010)
Answer : In 1945, world war II came to an end and in its aftermath Europe faced political disorganization and economic crises.
Europe was politically disorganized on two fronts. First was the division of Europe with Eastern Europe under Russia and Western Europe under western power. Second was the political disorganization which the European countries suffered within.
The end of world war brought to the surface the glaring differences between Russian socialism and western capitalism. In year 1945 certain ....
Question : Examine the peace keeping efforts of the United Nations Organization.
(2009)
Answer : United Nations peacekeeping is a unique and dynamic instrument developed by the Organization as a way to help countries torn by conflict creates the conditions for lasting peace. The first UN peacekeeping mission was established in 1948, when the Security Council authorized the deployment of UN military observers to the Middle East to monitor the Armistice Agreement between Israel and its Arab neighbours. Since then, there have been a total of more than 100 UN ....
Question : “Hitler did not really want a World War. His intention was only a short war with Poland.” (A. J. P. Taylar)
(2009)
Answer : Hitler’s invasion of Poland which led to Britain’s declaration of war on Germany, and the start of World War II was motivated merely by Germany’s desire to regain the city of Danzig, which had been given to Poland in the Versailles Treaty. Had Poland simply negotiated with Hitler, war could have been averted. In fact, Hitler wasn’t bent on world, or even European domination.
He would have been happy with just Danzig, Austria, and the Sudetenland. ....
Question : “Treaty of Versailles contained the seeds of future conflict.”
(2006)
Answer : First World War was fought between 1914 to 1918. The war resulted into the victory of Allied powers. After the war peace treaty was organized in Paris. Germany was held responsible for the war and treaty of Versailles was concluded with Germany.
As per the provisions of the treaty, Germany had to surrender Alsace and Lorraine to France, North Schlesinger to Denmark, Meme to Lithuania, West Prussia and Posen to Poland.
The region was to be administered ....
Question : The Security Council is the heart of the United Nations”.
(2003)
Answer : Protracted deliberations and mutual negotiations led to the inception of the United Nations Organization in 1945. International peace and security is the first concern of United Nations Organization, and the wing of United Nations which perform this duty is the Security Council.
The security council often described as the enforcement wing of United Nations. For this purpose, its service can be requisitioned any time. This naturally implies that the security council has to work continuously so ....
