Question : “Inequitable development leads to social conflicts rather than social progress.” Explain
(2015)
Answer : Social conflict is a struggle for agency of power in society. Social conflict occurs when two or more actors oppose each other in social interaction, reciprocally exerting social power in an effort to attain scarce or incompatible goals and prevent the opponent from attaining them.
It is now a universally well acknowledged fact that inequitable distribution of resources and wealth provokes social conflicts. Social progress means progress related to society. Liberty, equality and justice are the ....
Question : By eliminating alienation can we bring social progress? Critically analyse.
(2015)
Answer : Alienation is the state of feeling estranged or separated from one’s milieu, work, products of work, or self. Despite its popularity in the analysis of contemporary life, the idea of alienation remains an ambiguous concept with elusive meanings, the following variants being most common:
Question : Does the right to property bring economic disparity & threaten human fraternity. Discuss?
(2010)
Answer : Nature has created difference among people, among regions and among situations. These differences are known as natural differences and are taken generally as granted. The conditions of these natural differences are also called as constraints. However, man has always made efforts to minimize these constraints to advance on the path of development. On the other hand the differences created by man on account of social, economic, political, religious and cultural aspects are called not as ....
Question : Examine the central issues in the philosophy of ecology. Are these concerns merely utilitarian? Discuss.
(2005)
Answer : Eco-philosophy or the philosophy of ecology is a set of philosophies interested in environment, nature and animals. Yet, though the term eco-philosophy is coined recently, the ideas about nature can be traced back to ancient Greece. According to Aristotle a human, a creature with higher level of consciousness has a right to use animals and nature as he will, for his own good. In the Middle Ages people thought nature was created by God and ....
Question : What do you understand by Progress? Have human beings made progress in all fields of their activity? Discuss.
(2005)
Answer : To advance toward a higher or better stage or improve steadily is called progress. In other words any change for the better is termed as progress. Here are some aspects of recent world material progress that we expect to continue.
Larger quantity and variety of available food. In recent years famines have only occurred as a result of wars.
Better health. Almost all countries are experiencing an increase in lifespan and a reduction in the fraction ....
Question : What do you understand by the philosophy of ecology? In this context, discuss its main concerns.
(2004)
Answer : Eco-philosophy or the philosophy of ecology is a set of philosophies interested in environment, nature and animals. Yet, though the term eco-philosophy is coined recently, the ideas about nature can be traced back to ancient Greece. According to Aristotle a human, a creature with higher level of consciousness has a right to use animals and nature as he will, for his own good. In the Middle Ages people thought nature was created by God and ....
Question : What does eco-philosophy mean? Discuss in this context the central thesis of ecological humanism and also explain the distinction between ecological understanding and ecological awareness.
(2003)
Answer : During the last thirty years philosophers in the West have critiqued the underlying assumptions of Modern philosophy in relation to the natural world. This development has been part of an ongoing expansion of philosophical work involving cross cultural studies of world views or ultimate philosophies. Since philosophical studies in the West have often ignored the natural world, and since most studies in ethics have focused on human values, those approaches which emphasize eco-centric values have ....
Question : Role of Scientific Temper in good life.
(2002)
Answer : Pandit Nehru used to say that what his country required more than anything else was just that—the scientific temper. We need to know exactly what is meant by this expression. Broadly interpreted, it means having a realistic attitude. In one of his prayers, the Prophet is recorded as having asked God to enable him to see things just as they are. This clearly indicates that having the scientific temper, or pursuing a scientific line of ....
Question : Concept of sustainable Development.
(2000)
Answer : Sustainable development is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but in the indefinite future. The term was used by the Brundtland Commission which coined what has become the most often-quoted definition of sustainable development as development that “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own ....
Question : Scientific Temper.
(1999)
Answer : Scientific temper describes an attitude which involves the application of logic and the avoidance of bias and preconceived notions. Discussion, argument and analysis are vital parts of scientific temper. It is thus necessarily open admitting every point of view, however heterodox it might be, or where it comes from. Elements of fairness, equality and democracy are built into it.Scientific temper is one of the attributes that Pandit Nehru wanted all of us Indians to cultivate. ....
Question : Scientific Progress.
(1998)
Answer : Science is often distinguished from other domains of human culture by its progressive nature: in contrast to art, religion, philosophy, morality, and politics. Progress has no definite and unquestionable meaning in other fields than the field of science. Debates on the normative concept of progress are at the same time concerned with axiological questions about the aims and goals of science. The task of philosophical analysis is to consider alternative answers to the question:
What is ....
Question : Philosophy of Ecology.
(1997)
Answer : The science of ecology studies interactions between individual organisms and their environments, including interactions with both co specifics and members of other species. Though ecology emerged in the 19th century much of its theoretical structure only emerged in the twentieth century. Though ecology includes a wide variety of sub-fields, philosophical analysis of ecology has so far been restricted to population, community, and ecosystem ecology. Central philosophical problems include explication of relevant notions of ecological diversity ....
