Soil Degradation, Erosion & Conservation Techniques
Soil degradation refers to the decline in soil’s physical, chemical and biological health, reducing its capacity to support plant and ecosystem functions. It results from natural processes and human-induced pressures such as deforestation, overgrazing, unsustainable farming, and industrial pollution. Nearly 29% of India’s total geographical area suffers from varying degrees of soil degradation, threatening long-term agricultural productivity and ecological stability.
Major Causes of Soil Degradation in India
- Water Erosion: Accounts for about 61% of total degraded land; includes sheet, rill, and gully erosion.
- Wind Erosion: Prominent in arid zones of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Haryana, causing topsoil loss and dune formation.
- Salinization and ....
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