Bring out the significance of and threat to India’s mangrove ecosystem.
Answer: As per India State of Forest Report (ISFR), 2021, Mangrove cover in India is 4992 sq km which is 0.15% of country’s total geographical area.
- Mangroves are salt-tolerant plants found in tropical and sub-tropical intertidal regions characterized by high rainfall and temperature.
Significance of Mangroves
- Refuges of coastal biodiversity
- Bio-shields against storm surge, coastal flooding, etc.
- Carbon Sequestration
- Supports Biomass dependent livelihoods
- Maintain water quality by filtering pollutants and trapping sediments
- Recently, NASA has highlighted loss of mangrove cover on Katchal Island, part of Nicobar archipelago.
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