Visions Of Social Changes

Answer : Balanced growth and economic development is the ultimate aim of every country and the strategic plans (Fifth five year plans in case of India) are designed accordingly.

The basic objective of Tribal Sub-Plan is to channelize the flow of outlays and benefits from the general sectors in the Central Ministries/Departments for the development of Scheduled Castes and Schedules Tribes at least in proportion to their population, both in physical and financial terms. The broad objectives of ....

Answer : Education plays an important role in nurturing the human capital of a country. It constructs the nation at every level, creates self-sufficiency and search new areas of development. The basic objectives of the

National Policy of Education of 1986 and Programme of Action of 1992 emphasized that education must play a positive and interventionist role in correcting social and regional imbalance, empowering women, and in securing rightful place for the disadvantaged and the minorities.

Government ....

Answer : The policies of the Indian nation-state and its constitution revolve round making India a modern nation. In the wake of modernization and globalization, the processes of social mobility, the nature of demographic changes and increase in urbanization and industrialization have brought significant changes in Indian society. Ideas like capitalism, democracy, rationality, industrialism, science and technology, and above all secularism constitute our society’s structural and value components and are a mark of modernity.

One of the strongest ....

Answer : While in caste and social terms, Phule championed the cause for status of Shudras, the untouchables and women in Indian society; in economic terms he was concerned about peasantry and its problems. As opposed to the other nationalists who viewed industrialization as the only solution to the economic problem of India, Phule advocated improvement in agriculture, as Indian economy was primarily an agricultural economy.

Phule suggested construction of bunds, tanks and dams so that sufficient water ....

Answer : The concept of development sufficiently reflects the ideology of modernization as a hallmark of social change. The western model of development, post-industrialization and rise of consumerism has become a model of development to Third world countries, where such model could be used for addressing poverty, unemployment inequality in the developing economies.

In the name of development such as constructing dam, developing industries, expansion of urban infrastructure has led to large of displacement in rural people and ....

Answer : Right to Education provides for free and compulsory education to the children in the age group of 6-14 years. It is a fundamental right under the Article 21(A) of the Indian Constitution. It means that the States have the obligation to protect, respect and fulfill the Right to Education. Also, there are ways to hold States accountable for violations or deprivations of the Right to Education.It is a forward- looking legislation which aims to tackle ....

Answer : Due to increasing level of education, a new dimension has added in reduction social inequality. Education develops a rational attitude related to scientific and modern value in individuals. From ancient time, caste system has been basis of social stratification. In India, on the basis of purity and pollution,

lower castes have faced so many social disabilities. There was support of religion to this process. This social inequality has been socially accepted due to low level ....

Answer : In Indian society, Dalit have been associated socially, economically and politically with the lower level of hierarchy and suffered atrocious caste disabilities. These Dalits are not only related with lower caste level but also form the lowest class in class structure. In rural economic system they exist in form of poor farmers or laborers and in urban area exist mainly as labor population.

But after independence, with the establishment of democratic government in country, to ....

Answer : Societyis treated as continuously changing concept and it can be seen as a dynamic processin different historical time periods. After Second World War, concept of welfare state has developed in many countries and constitutional and legal changes have been promoted universally in place of traditional causes of social changes. In this sequence, after independence, process of social change had started under the new constitutional system which is also active today by making possible many changes ....

Answer : M.N. Srinivas has used the concept of westernization in India in sociology. He has used the word westernization to indicate the change which took place in Indian society and culture due to 150 years of British rule and this word assimilates the changes at different level of industrial insti-tution, ideologies social mores, and value etc. As English people came, expansion of western values has taken place among Indians due to contact with western civilization. Development ....

Answer : Perspectives offer guidelines or a blueprint to arrange, interpret and provide systematic generalization and understanding to reality. Structural functionalism studies society in terms of its underlying structure. It is concerned primarily with the interrelationship between various social structure, their dynamism and the role/function they play in the continuity of social system.

M.N. Srinivas studies India from structural functionalist perspective using field study method. According to him, it is only through studies in the micro structure that ....

Answer : Human history is full of examples where law have been used to bring about changes in the society. Law in a society is created to achieve desired goals. It not only articulates certain things but also sets the course for major social change.

In fact attempted social change through law is an important feature of modern world which can be seen in almost all societies developing or developed. The changes that have occurred in western capitalist ....

Answer : The term ‘Social Change’ refers to change in the value pattern, institutional arrangement, culture and structure of social system. According to MacIver and Page ‘Social Change is the change in the social relationship’. According to Jones ‘Social Change is a term used to describe variation or modification of any aspect of social process, social pattern, social interaction and social organisation. Social change cannot be studied in isolation and change is only a link in a ....

Answer : To denote the social mobility and positional change among the Coorgs of Mysore, Late M.N. Srinivas first used the term ‘Brahmanization’ and later replaced if by Sanskritisation. There are two levels of meaning associated with Sanskritisation-(1) historical specific and (2) contextual specific. In historical specific sense Sanskritisation refers to those processes in Indian history which led to change in the status of various castes, its leadership or its cultural pattern in different periods of history.

It ....

Answer : Studies conducted in the 1970s and Shardamma and Parvathamma (1968), Rajagopalan and Singh (1968), Chitri (1970), Ahmad (1974) on the social origins of undergraduate women students and students in medical, technological, management and other professional courses demonstrated that they are predominantly drawn from the higher status families characterized by high educational, occupational income backgrounds. This was further confirmed by the all India field study of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (Gore, Desai ....

Answer : It is recognisaed that communication and education are an important factor in development and change. It is assumed that transmission of new ideas through the mass media can create a favourable environment for social change. Besides bringing about change in attitude and values, communication is also expected to import knowledge of new skills and techniques. Communication helps to enlarge the mental horizons of people. It can be used to raise the levels of aspirations.

Mass ....

Answer : According to Ruskin, "education consists in making people polite what they ought to be." The ideals and patterns of politeness differ from society to society. An individual is trained in these through education. Education teaches man the use of the various capacities, abilities, intelligence, etc., bestowed upon him by nature.

Both formal and informal education helps the individual to evolve a critical attitude which helps him to analyse everything presented to him. If he finds ....

Answer : One of the important characteristic features of India society has been the existence of multi-culture. Multi-culture simply refers to the co-existence of different value systems, pattern of living, different belief system, knowledge, art and morals in the society. There are some essential ethos which must be equally regarded by all the members of society. These ethos consist of the values of secularism, toleration, non-interference, democratic sentiments, rationality mutual cooperation, non-ethnic attitudes etc. We are claiming ....

Answer : It is only through the contract with the west that the process of modernization has been initiated into the Indian society. Y. Singh has termed the change resulting due to contact with the west as heterogenetic process of change. The western impact may be traced in the field of education, polity, economy, religion and overall society. The modern secular and scientific education was firstly initiated by the western India. The modern democratic political system, ....

Answer : In India, modernisation started mainly with the western contact especially through establishment of British rule, which brought about many far reaching changes in the culture and social structure of the Indian society. Not all of them, however, could be called modernising. The basic direction of this dynamism to all these process was imparted by cumulative change of innovation in science and technology.

At the initial stage, the contact led to the growth of modernising sub-culture or ....

Answer : The term “Social mobility” refers to the amount of movement from one stratum to another. Sociologists have identified two main forms of the social mobility. The first is intra-generational mobility which refers to social mobility within a single generation. It in measured by comparing the occupational status of an individual at two or more points of time. The second type is inter-generational mobility which refers to social mobility between generations. It is measured by comparing ....

Answer : The modernisation of Indian tradition, culture and customs has been manifested in many forms in the society. Firstly, at the social level, rationalisation of traditional education through modern ethos, curriculum, technical and professional education, emergence of public school and English language etc. are greatly modern. At the economic level, India is emerging as big sources of capital and market. India is playing praiseworthy role in the economic globalisation. Industrialisation and rapidly increasing urbanisation are ....

Answer : The idea of imparting education to women emerged in the British period. Earlier it was almost universally held that since women had not to earn the livelihood there was no need of education for them. After the Bhakti movement, the Christian missionaries took interest in the education for girls. A girl school was started for the first time in Bombay in 1824. Lord Dalhausie also declared that no single change in the habit of the ....