Urban-Rural Human Development Gaps in India

Urban-Rural Human Development Gaps refer to differences in health outcomes, educational attainment, and living standards between urban and rural populations. These gaps are measured through indicators such as life expectancy, literacy, school enrolment, access to basic amenities, and income levels, and are critical for assessing inclusive and balanced development in India.

Rural-Urban Gaps: Fact Sheet

  • Rural India still faces a much higher multidimensional poverty burden, with 19.28% of people multidimensionally poor in rural areas versus 5.27% in urban areas.
  • Rural households also have lower living standards as reflected in consumption, because average MPCE (with imputation) was ₹3,819 in rural India ....
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