Tribal Political Organisation in Early Vedic Period

The Rig Vedic society was tribal and patriarchal, organized into clans and tribes under the Rajan, whose authority was guided by assemblies like the Sabha, Samiti, and Vidatha. Over time, power shifted from kin-based tribal rule to hereditary kingship and territorial kingdoms in the Later Vedic period.

Role and Power of the Rajan

• The Rajan was known as Janasya Gopa (protector of the people).
• His primary responsibilities included:
  • Leading the tribe in wars and cattle raids.
  • Ensuring the protection of people and cattle wealth.
• The Rajan’s authority was not absolute; it was checked by tribal councils like Sabha and Samiti.
• Nature of Kingship: Mostly hereditary, ....