Japan Eases Arms Export Rules

On 21^st April 2026, Japan approved new defence export guidelines under Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, allowing the export of lethal weapons, signalling a major shift from its long-standing post-World War II pacifist policy.

Major Highlights of the Decision

• Japan approved scrapping restrictions on lethal weapons exports, ending decades of strict controls.
• New policy allows export of:
  • Fighter jets,
  • Missiles, and
  • Naval destroyers.
• Earlier exports were limited to:
  • Rescue and transport equipment.
  • Surveillance systems.
  • Non-lethal supplies (e.g., gas masks and flak jackets).

Background

• Japan’s post-war policy was shaped by its pacifist constitution (Article 9).
• For decades, Japan:
  • Restricted arms exports;
  • Focused only on self-defence capabilities; and
  • Relied heavily on the United ....