Peasant Movements Across Colonial India

Peasant movements across colonial India were localized, spontaneous uprisings against the exploitative structure of the colonial-feudal nexus, driven by high land revenue demands, illegal evictions, and oppressive moneylending practices. These movements evolved from immediate resistance against local oppressors to becoming integrated with the broader, organized nationalist struggle for economic justice.

Evolution and Character of the Movements

Localized Revolts (Post-1857)

  • Indigo Revolt (1859-60, Bengal): Against the coercive system of Tinkathia, where peasants were forced to grow indigo for meager prices, leading to perpetual debt to European planters.
  • Organized Non-Violent Resistance: Used legal mobilization, non-cooperation (refusing to sow indigo), and passive resistance, ....
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Indian History