Offshore Water Desalination Plants

Offshore desalination plants are facilities located in the open sea (away from the coast) that remove salt and impurities from seawater to produce fresh water for drinking, irrigation, or industrial use.

Technologies for Offshore Desalination

1. Reverse Osmosis (RO)

  • Seawater is passed through semi-permeable membranes under high pressure (40–70 bar), which separate salt and impurities.

Advantages

  • High efficiency (40–50% water recovery rate).
  • Mature and widely used technology.

Recent Developments

  • DRDO has developed indigenous nanoporous multilayered polymeric membranes for high-pressure seawater, improving efficiency and durability.

2. Thermal Distillation

Seawater is heated to produce vapour, which is then condensed to obtain fresh ....

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