Progress in India’s Thorium-Based Nuclear Program

India is a global leader in thorium resources, especially in monazite ores found in coastal sands. Thorium (Th-232) is not used directly as fuel but as a breeder, which absorbs neutrons and converts into Uranium-233 (U-233)—a fissile material useful for power generation.

India’s Thorium Program: Strategy and Significance

  • Thorium Reserves: India possesses about 21% of the world’s thorium reserves, positioning the country as a potential global hub for long-term, clean, and safe nuclear energy.
  • Three-Stage Nuclear Program: India’s nuclear energy program is structured into three stages, with the third stage focused on thorium-based reactors for large-scale electricity generation.

Key Progress: ....

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