Write a short note on the development of Pala art and its influence on Indian sculpture and painting.
Answer: The reign of the Pala dynasty (8th-12th century) is an important era of Indian art and culture. This period flourished prominently in the Bengal and Bihar region and sculpture, painting, and architecture flourished under the patronage of the Pala rulers.
Pala art was influenced by Buddhism, especially Mahayana and Vajrayana. It left its mark in India as well as Tibet, Nepal, and South-East Asia.
Pala Art
- Sculpture: Stone (basalt), Bronze (Cire perdue technique), Terracotta
- Painting: Manuscript painting, Mural painting
- Influence: Tibet, Nepal, South-East Asia; Tantric symbols and Hindu deities; Realism, aesthetics and cultural diversity
Development of Sculpture
- Stone Sculptures: Black ....
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BPSC
- 1 Describe the main features of cave architecture developed in ancient Eastern India and analyze its historical and religious significance.
- 2 Bihar has been a center of education and spirituality since ancient times. In this context, analyze the role of Nalanda, Vikramshila, and other ancient educational institutions and shed light on Bihar’s spiritual traditions.
- 3 Describe the major welfare schemes being run by the Bihar government for the economic, social, and educational upliftment of women. How have these schemes contributed to women empowerment in the state?
- 4 Describe the characteristics of the major folk arts of Bihar and analyze their cultural significance.
- 5 Analyze the current status of solar energy production in Bihar and describe the major efforts made by the state government to promote it.
- 6 Analyze the social and economic status of Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in Bihar. Discuss the major steps taken by the government for their upliftment.
- 7 What are the major challenges in the development of tourism in Bihar? Also, discuss the potential areas for tourism development. Analyze the various tourist destinations of the state with examples.
- 8 How does coalition politics affect policy-making and development activities in Bihar? Analyze this in terms of fulfilling national interests.
- 9 What role can technology play in making governance effective and transparent in Bihar? Analyze its various aspects and discuss the potential impacts of technological innovations for better administration.
- 10 Analyze the major obstacles related to infrastructure, industrialization, and human resources in Bihar's economic development and suggest solutions for them.
