Sultanate Era Taxation System

The Delhi Sultanate era (1206–1526 CE) developed a distinctive taxation system, blending Islamic legal principles with existing Indian practices. The Iqta system served as the backbone of revenue administration and military organization, while other taxes like kharaj, ushr, zakat, and jizya contributed to the state treasury.

Iqta System

  • Assignment: These iqtas were assigned to nobles, military officers, and sometimes soldiers (iqtadars or muqtis) in lieu of cash salaries for their service to the Sultan.
  • Responsibilities: The iqtadar was responsible for collecting land revenue from their iqta, maintaining law and order, and supplying troops to the Sultan when required.
  • Revenue Management: They collected ....
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Indian History