​India-Nepal Bilateral Relations: Major Challenges and the Road Ahead

The foundation of the relationship between India and Nepal is rooted in their shared history, culture, tradition, and religion. These ties are deep, wide-ranging, and encompass various aspects including politics, society, culture, religion, and economics. Diplomatic relations between the two nations were officially established on June 17, 1947.

Major Challenges in India-Nepal Relations

  • Territorial Disputes
      • Kalapani: The Kali River delineates the India-Nepal border in the Kalapani region, as per the 1816 Treaty of Sugauli. Discrepancies in defining the river's source have led to boundary disputes, with both countries presenting maps to support their claims.
      • Susta Region: A 140 sq. km area in ....
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