Acid Attacks in India

In January 2026, the acquittal of the accused in the 2009 Shaheen Malik case exposed critical gaps in investigation and judicial sensitivity.

Legal and Regulatory Framework

  • Section 124 of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) prescribes a minimum ten-year imprisonment for causing permanent disfigurement.
  • The Model Poisons Possession and Sale Rules 2013 mandate photo identity proof for purchasing corrosive substances.
  • Public and private hospitals face criminal liability for denying free first aid and medical treatment to victims.
  • The NALSA Scheme 2016 provides priority legal aid and support to survivors under the Legal Services Authorities Act.

Judicial Precedents and Challenges

  • In Laxmi v. Union of India ....
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