Groundwater Crisis & Indore Water Contamination

  • The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in December 2025 has taken Suo motu cognizance of the incident in which many died and over 40 were hospitalized due to contaminated drinking water in Indore, Madhya Pradesh.

Status of Groundwater in India

  • India is the largest extractor of groundwater in the world, with an annual extraction of about 230 billion cubic metres, accounting for more than one-fourth of global groundwater use.
  • Groundwater fulfills nearly 85% of the country’s drinking water requirements, around 45% of urban water supply, 85% of rural water supply, and more than 60% of irrigation needs.
  • According to the ....
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