​3D Structure of an Exoplanet’s Atmosphere Revealed

An article published on 18 February 2025 in the journal Nature revealed that astronomers have mapped the three-layered atmosphere of the ultra-hot gas giant WASP-121b for the first time, revealing unexpected complexity.

  • Scientists used the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) Very Large Telescope to analyse the atmosphere of WASP-121b, also known as Tylos.

WASP-121b’s Atmosphere: A Closer Look

  • Bottom Layer: Rich in gaseous iron, with strong winds transporting heat across the planet.
  • Middle Layer: Contains sodium and features jet streams reaching 70,000 km/h.
  • Upper Layer: Dominated by hydrogen, with parts of it escaping into space.
  • Scientists also detected gaseous titanium, which does not exist in ....
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