Global Pandemic Treaty: A Milestone in International Health Diplomacy

On 20th May 2025, at the 78th World Health Assembly (WHA), the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted the historic Pandemic Agreement—its second international treaty after the 2003 Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC).

  • The resolution was adopted by 124 countries with no objections, though 11 abstained. The USA did not participate actively.
  • The treaty aligns with updated International Health Regulations (IHR) adopted in 2024.

Objective

  • Enhance global pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response based on equity, solidarity, transparency, and science.

Key Elements of the Treaty

Key Area

Points

Respect for Sovereignty

Public health decisions remain under national control; WHO cannot mandate measures.

Prevention & Surveillance

Countries ....

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International Organisations