Development of Vihara & Chaitya Architecture
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Viharas (Monasteries) - Monastic Architecture Early Viharas were constructed from ephemeral materials like wood and sun-dried bricks, dating back to the 3rd century BCE or pre-Mauryan times. |
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Type / Category |
Features and Description |
Major Examples |
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Hinayana Viharas |
Found mostly in the Western Ghats. Highly decorative facades featuring sculptural panels and carved bands. |
Ajanta, Ellora, Bedsa, Kondane, Pitalkhora, and Nasik. |
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Mahayana Viharas |
Transformed from simple residences to 'Chaitya-griha-cum-Vihara' (Worship + Residence). An image of Buddha carved on the Stupa became the focus of worship. |
Later caves of Ajanta and Ellora. |
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Mahavihara |
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Indian Heritage & Culture
- 1 Urbanization and Architecture during Indus Valley Civilization
- 2 Major Styles of Sculpture and Foreign Influences
- 3 Jain Architecture: Regional Influence and Features
- 4 Buddhist & Jain Architecture
- 5 Development of Rock-Cut Architecture
- 6 Temple Architecture & Medieval Society
- 7 Vedic Society and its Continuity
- 8 Syncretism, Mysticism, and Social Impact
- 9 Modern Social Reform Movements
- 10 Ancient & Sangam Literature
