Shadow Fleet

  • Recently, amid the US-Israel-Iran conflict and disruption in the Strait of Hormuz, attention has turned to the “shadow fleet” still transporting oil.
  • Shadow fleet refers to vessels that operate outside international maritime regulations and sanctions to transport restricted cargo.
  • These ships often carry sanctioned oil from countries such as Iran and Russia.
  • They typically disable AIS/GPS transponders, making their movements invisible to global tracking systems.
  • Ships may frequently change names, flags, ownership or registration to avoid regulatory scrutiny.
  • Many operate under flags of convenience, registered in countries with weak regulatory oversight.
  • Some vessels conduct ship-to-ship transfers at sea to ....
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