Exceptions to Fundamental Rights
Article 31A: Saving of laws providing for acquisition of estates etc.
- It saves five categories of laws from being challenges and invalidated on the ground of contravention of article 14 and article 19
- Acquisition of states and related rights by the state
- Taking over the management of properties by the state
- Amalgamation of corporations
- Extinguishment or modification of rights of directors or shareholders of corporations and
- Extinguishment or modification of mining leases
Article 31B: Validation of certain acts and regulations
- It saves the acts and regulations included in the 9th schedule from being challenged and invalidated on the ground of contravention of any of ....
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Indian Polity And Governance
- 1 NITI Aayog@10: Fostering Cooperative Federalism
- 2 Doctrine of Constitutional Morality: Interpretation in Recent Supreme Court Rulings
- 3 Caste Census and the Constitutional Mandate for Equality
- 4 16th Finance Commission & Fiscal Federalism
- 5 Legislative Competence in New Tech Sectors
- 6 Separation of Powers: Recent Legislative vs. Judicial Standoffs
- 7 Consumer Protection & Digital Markets
- 8 Electoral Funding & Transparency
- 9 Constitutional Interpretation and Advisory Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
- 10 Anti-Defection Law & Speaker’s Role
