Conserving India’s Manuscript Heritage: Gyan Bharatam Mission

The Union Budget 2025-26 announced the Gyan Bharatam Mission for the survey, documentation, and conservation of India’s manuscript heritage.

  • The Union Ministry of Culture is the nodal ministry for implementation.
  • The initiative aligns with Article 51A(f) of the Constitution, which emphasizes the preservation of India’s cultural heritage.

About Manuscripts

  • Manuscripts are handwritten compositions on materials like paper, bark, or palm leaf, dating back at least 75 years.
  • India has approximately 10 million manuscripts in 80 scripts (e.g., Brahmi, Gaudi, Maithili), with 75% in Sanskrit.
  • The Bakhshali Manuscript (3rd-4th century BCE) is an example that contains the earliest recorded use of ‘zero’.

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