Indigenous Hydrogen Fuel Cell Passenger Vessel Begins Commercial Service

On 11th December 2025, India launched its first fully indigenous hydrogen fuel cell-powered passenger vessel into commercial service on the river Ganga at Varanasi, marking a major technological milestone in clean and zero-emission inland water transport.

What technology powers the hydrogen fuel cell vessel?

  • The vessel uses a Low-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) hydrogen fuel cell.
  • In this system, stored hydrogen reacts electrochemically with oxygen to generate electricity.
  • The process produces only water as a by-product, ensuring zero emissions, zero smoke, and zero noise.

How the System Works

  • Hydrogen stored onboard is supplied to the fuel cell.
  • Inside the fuel cell, hydrogen ....
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