State of World Marine Fishery Resources

In June 2025, the FAO’s Review of the State of World Marine Fishery Resources, released at the United Nations Ocean Conference 3 (UNOC3) in Nice, France, warned that only 29% of deep-sea fish stocks are being fished sustainably.

Key Findings

  • Only 29% of deep-sea fish stocks are sustainably fished, indicating high vulnerability.
  • 64.5% of global fishery stocks are within sustainable levels; 35.5% are overfished.
  • Over 50% of highly migratory shark stocks are unsustainable; 43.5% of 23 assessed shark stocks are overfished.
  • High-risk zones are Western central Pacific, eastern Indian Ocean, and western Indian Ocean.

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Ecology & Environment