Walker and Hadley Circulations

In early January 2026, east, central and south India saw unusually cold conditions, linked to La Niña, which reshapes global heat distribution by strengthening the Walker and Hadley circulations.

  • Walker Circulation moves east-west along the equator; during La Niña it intensifies, enhancing cooler conditions over parts of South and Southeast Asia.
  • Hadley Circulation moves north-south, with air rising near the equator and sinking near 30° latitudes; when strengthened, it can push cold air southward and shift jet streams.
  • Together, during the winter of 2025-26, these enhanced circulations intensified the subtropical westerly jet, increased western disturbances, and enabled stronger cold air ....
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Ecology & Environment