Deep Tech Startups and India’s Development Paradigm: From Technological Dependence to Innovation-Led Self-Reliance

India’s startup ecosystem has traditionally been dominated by fintech, software as a service (SaaS), and consumer internet platforms. However, global supply chain disruptions, geopolitical tensions, and technological concentration in a few countries have exposed structural vulnerabilities.

  • The recent revision in India’s deep-tech startup classification, extending eligibility to 20 years and increasing the turnover cap to Rs.300 crore, signals a structural policy shift. This reflects a broader development paradigm; moving from technology consumption to innovation-led self-reliance.

What is Deep Tech?

  • Deep technology (Deep Tech) refers to ventures built on fundamental scientific research or advanced engineering breakthroughs.
  • It is characterized by:
    • Long R&D cycles
    • High capital ....
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