State of Global Air 2025: India’s Air Pollution Killed 2 Million in 2023

Recently, the State of Global Air 2025 report by the Health Effects Institute (HEI) and Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) warns that air pollution caused nearly 2 million deaths in India in 2023, making it one of the highest globally.

Key Findings

  • 43% rise in air pollution-linked deaths since 2000 (from 1.4 million to 2 million).
  • ~186 deaths per 100,000 in India — 10x higher than in high-income countries.
  • 89% of deaths linked to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like heart disease, COPD, lung cancer, and diabetes.
  • PM2.5 exposure exceeds WHO’s limit (35 µg/m³) for ~75% of India’s population.
  • India’s hotspots include Uttar Pradesh, ....
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