Prelims Specials

Quick Revision Notes

Constitution & Governance

Environmental Conservation

In this issue’s special section, we have covered ‘Contemporary Perspectives on Constitution & Governance’ and ‘Environmental Conservation’.

The curated content has been presented in a crisp and concise format for quick revision. Only those dimensions of the topics have been covered which are most likely to be asked in the upcoming examinations.

Indian Polity And Governance

Federalism: Dynamics And Frictions

1 State Autonomy Demands and the Limits of Article 356

2 Centre-State Disputes over Legislative Domains

3 States’ Demand for Increased Financial Autonomy

4 Water Sharing and Border Disputes

5 Governance, Administrative Autonomy and Development Challenges of Union Territories

6 Competitive Federalism

7 Legislative Competence in New Tech Sectors

8 16th Finance Commission & Fiscal Federalism

Constitutional Morality & Institutional Balance

1 Caste Census and the Constitutional Mandate for Equality

2 NITI Aayog@10: Fostering Cooperative Federalism

3 Doctrine of Constitutional Morality: Interpretation in Recent Supreme Court Rulings

4 Separation of Powers: Recent Legislative vs. Judicial Standoffs

5 The Office of the Governor: Scope and Abuse of Discretionary Powers

6 Anti-Defection Law & Speaker’s Role

7 Constitutional Interpretation and Advisory Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

8 Electoral Funding & Transparency

Justice, Rights & Social Equity

1 Right to Privacy and Data Protection: Article 21 in the Digital Age

2 Access to Justice: Bridging Institutional and Social Gaps

3 Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Legal and Policy Advances

4 Gender Justice and Women’s Empowerment: Legal and Social Perspectives

5 Minority Rights and Religious Freedom: Article 25-30 in Practice

6 Poverty and Hunger: Constitutional Directive vs Policy Reality

7 Civil Society and NGOs: Partners in Democratic Governance

8 ADR, Mediation & Access to Justice

9 Free Legal Aid & Vulnerable Groups

10 Personality Rights & the Digital Public Sphere

11 Social Audit of Flagship Schemes

Language, Identity & Representation

1 Delimitation & Representation - Demographic Debates

2 Reservation Architecture & Sub-Classification

3 Inner Line Permit & Local Identity Regimes

4 Debate around Caste-Based Census and Social Justice Policy

5 NEP’s Three Language Formula

6 Tribal Autonomy and the 6th Schedule: Current Status and Demand

Executive, Legislature & Judicial Interface

1 Declining Parliamentary Productivity: Causes and Remedies

2 Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha: Constitutional Position and Vacancy Debate

3 Judicial Reforms: Speed, Access and Accountability

4 Prison Reforms: Rights-Based Approach to Incarceration

5 Tribunals in India: Efficiency vs Judicial Independence

6 National Security and Classified Information Protection Laws

Governance Reforms & Administrative Challenges

1 Mission Karmayogi: Reforming Civil Services Training

2 Grievance Redressal Mechanisms: Digital and Institutional Models

3 Citizen Participation in Governance: Tools and Challenges

4 Consumer Protection & Digital Markets

Ecology & Environment

Climate Change

1 India’s Position at COP29 and the Global Stocktake Process

2 Climate Justice and the Principle of Equity in Negotiations

3 Climate Finance and Operationalizing Loss & Damage Mechanisms

4 NDCs and India’s Progress on Paris Agreement Targets

5 Climate Finance Taxonomy: Defining Green Investment Standards

6 Climate Change: Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security

7 Water Scarcity and Climate Resilience

8 Sudden Climate Variability and Extreme Weather Pattern Shifts

9 Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) – Implications for Indian Exports

10 Emissions Trading and Air Quality Management

11 LT-LEDS: India’s Long-Term Low Emissions Strategy

12 Maritime Decarbonisation and Climate Policy

Environmental Governance In India

1 Decriminalising Environmental Law: Amendments to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

2 Wetland Governance in India

3 Supreme Court Rulings Strengthening Environmental Governance

4 Sustainable Lifestyles and Global Environmental Partnerships

5 Revision of Air & Water Pollution Control Laws

6 National Green Tribunal: Some Landmark Judgments

Biodiversity

1 Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act, 2023 and Rules, 2024: Key Changes

2 International Big Cat Alliance: India’s Global Conservation Leadership

3 Human-Wildlife Conflict Mitigation Strategies

4 Threats to Biodiversity: Tackling Invasive Alien Species and Coral Bleaching

5 Digital Technologies in Biodiversity Conservation

6 Regulation of Biopiracy

7 Protection of Endemic and Threatened Species

Sustainable Development

1 Circular Economy and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

2 Role of Mangrove Ecosystems in Climate Adaptation

3 Reconciling Development Needs with Ecological Limits

4 National Green Hydrogen Mission: Path to Net Zero

5 Local Communities as Pillars of Green Governance

6 Water Governance and River Rejuvenation

7 Eco-Sensitive Zones: Recent Notifications and Legal Battles

8 System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA)

9 Bio-CNG: Role in Energy Transition

10 Illegal Sand Mining

Disaster Management

1 Disaster Management (Amendment) Act, 2025: Integrating Climate Risks

2 Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction and Response

3 Landslide Risk Assessment and Management Strategies

4 Managing Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs)

5 Climate-Induced Displacement and the Need for Policy Frameworks

6 Extreme Heat Events and Water Scarcity

7 Climate Change Impacts on Social Vulnerability and Gender Inequality

8 Forest Fire Management in India
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