India–China Relations

Border Disputes Post-Galwan

The Galwan Valley clash in 2020 marked a watershed moment, leading to the first fatalities in 45 years.

• Both countries have held 20+ rounds of Corps Commander-level talks to ease tensions.
• Partial disengagement has been achieved in areas like Pangong Tso, Gogra, and Hot Springs.
• However, critical friction points such as Depsang Plains and Demchok remain unresolved.
• Year 2025–26 marks a “cautious reset / managed coexistence” phase in relations.
• High-level engagements resumed, including:
  • PM–President meeting at SCO Summit 2025
  • Visit of Chinese FM Wang Yi to India (Aug 2025)
• 2025 is widely seen as a year of “progressive thaw” after prolonged ....