India–Pakistan Relations

Pahalgam Terror Attack & Military Escalation

A terror attack in Pahalgam (Jammu & Kashmir) in April 2025 led to civilian casualties and triggered a sharp escalation in India–Pakistan relations, highlighting the continued threat of cross-border terrorism.

  • India reiterated its doctrine of zero tolerance towards terrorism and held Pakistan-based groups responsible for cross-border attacks.
  • Operation Sindoor was a targeted, tri-services military operation executed by India on May 7-8, 2025, to dismantle terror infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir (PoJK).
  • India has a precedent of such calibrated responses, including the Balakot airstrike and 2016 surgical strikes.
  • The escalation saw heightened ....
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