National Security Implications of Quantum Computing

On 5th March 2025, NITI Aayog released a policy paper outlining the national security risks and strategic importance of quantum computing, emphasizing its role in shaping future global power dynamics.

Key Points

Strategic Importance: Quantum technologies could revolutionize defence, intelligence, and economic security by enabling advanced encryption-breaking and next-generation weaponry.
Global Investments: China leads with $15 billion in quantum research, followed by the US ($5 billion), Europe ($1.2 billion), and India ($0.75 billion).
Competitive Ecosystem: The US benefits from a strong private sector with companies like Google and IBM, while China integrates quantum research into military and intelligence applications.
Policy Recommendations: NITI Aayog suggests creating a task force to monitor global quantum advancements, assessing vulnerabilities in critical national systems, ensuring crypto agility, and forming bilateral partnerships to accelerate adoption.