China and Bhutan Sign "Cooperation Agreement" After Border Talks

• 26 Oct 2023

On 24^th October, 2023, China and Bhutan signed a "Cooperation Agreement" detailing the responsibilities and functions of the Joint Technical Team (JTT) for boundary delimitation and demarcation following their 25th round of border talks in Beijing.

Key Points

• High-Level Meetings: Bhutan's Foreign Minister and China's Vice Foreign conducted the 25th Round of Boundary Talks in Beijing, addressing the border issues.
• Diplomatic Ties Urged: In addition to the border discussions, Chinese Vice President and Foreign Minister urged Bhutan to establish diplomatic relations with China and expedite the resolution of the border issue.
• Progress Highlighted: The two sides noted the advancements made through Expert Group Meetings since the 24th Round of Boundary Talks in 2016, emphasizing the positive momentum achieved.
• Three-Step Roadmap: The Cooperation Agreement builds on the Three-Step Roadmap, with both sides agreeing to work together to advance the implementation of all roadmap steps.
• Friendly Atmosphere: The discussions took place in a friendly atmosphere, reflecting the cooperative and friendly relations between Bhutan and China. They also explored ways to enhance bilateral ties.
• Shared Aspirations: Both sides expressed the commitment to accelerate boundary demarcation and diplomatic relations between the two countries, underlining their common aspirations.
• Importance of Diplomatic Ties: The restoration of diplomatic relations is viewed as being in the long-term interests of both nations. It can further enhance legal and friendly relations between China and Bhutan.
• History of Border Issue: While China has resolved boundary disputes with many neighbors, Bhutan and India remain the two countries with which China has not yet signed border agreements.
• Doklam Standoff: The Doklam standoff in 2017 raised tensions between India and China, impacting the broader region. The issue was ultimately resolved, but it remains a point of contention.
• Continued Engagement: Bhutan and China maintain regular contact through official visits, with efforts to establish diplomatic relations ongoing.
• Infrastructure Development: China has focused on developing villages along its borders with India, Bhutan, and Nepal, demonstrating increased regional engagement.
• Recent Talks: The 13th Expert Group Meeting on the Bhutan-China Boundary took place in Beijing in August.
• Bhutan's Prime Minister has expressed hopes for rapid progress in border demarcation.
• India-Bhutan Relations: Bhutan's close ties with India have also been a focal point, emphasizing their close and trusting relationship.
• Global Initiatives: Bhutan expressed support for China's Global Security Initiative, Global Development Initiative, and Global Cultural Initiative as part of Beijing's strategic plans.