SC: Enforcement of PCPNDT Act to Curb Sex Selection

On 11th June 2026, the Supreme Court highlighted the continued prevalence of sex-selection practices and stressed the need for strict enforcement of the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994 (PCPNDT Act) until societal attitudes towards girls undergo a significant change.

Key Points

Supreme Court's Observation: The Court noted that deep-rooted patriarchal preferences for male children continue to exist, leading to sex-selection practices despite legal prohibitions.
Need for Strict Enforcement: The Court emphasised that stringent implementation of the PCPNDT Act, 1994 remains essential to prevent sex-selective practices and protect the girl child.
Declining Child Sex Ratio:
- 945 girls per 1,000 boys in 1991
- 927 girls per 1,000 boys in 2001
- 919 girls per 1,000 boys in 2011
Concern Over Continuing Imbalance: The Court observed that several states continue to report sex ratios at birth below the national average, indicating the persistence of gender bias.
Government Initiatives Highlighted: The judgment referred to schemes aimed at promoting the welfare of girls, including:
- Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
- Janani Suraksha Yojana
- Ladli Lakshmi Yojana