India and China Refrain from Global Pledge at COP28 for Renewable Energy Goals

• 05 Dec 2023

Recently, India and China, both major economies and leading coal consumers, abstained from a commitment made by 118 nations during the annual UN climate summit (COP28) to triple global renewable energy capacity and double energy efficiency rates by 2030.

Key Points

• Global Pledge at COP28: 118 nations pledged to triple the global renewable energy generation capacity to 11,000 GW and double the annual energy efficiency rate. However, India and China chose not to participate.
• India's Stance on Coal: Despite progress in non-fossil fuel energy, India refrained from committing to substantial reductions in reliance on coal-fired power plants, a crucial component of its electricity generation.
• Leeway Until 2030: India maintains flexibility for continued coal use until 2030, aligning with the G-20 Declaration's emphasis on gradual coal de-addiction.
• Economic Growth Priority: India asserts that it won't be pressured into reducing coal usage, emphasizing the need for power availability to fuel economic growth.
• The stand aligns with China, Saudi Arabia, Russia, and Iran, setting them apart from the global shift toward renewable energy.
• Paris Agreement Commitment: While committed to increasing non-fossil power capacity by 2030 under the Paris Agreement, India prioritizes lifting millions out of poverty through development, a consideration that influences its global commitments.
• Divergence from Fossil Fuel Consensus: India's position puts it at odds with the global consensus on moving away from fossil fuels.