Scientists Decode Genome of Indian Oil Sardine

• 11 Sep 2023

Recently, a team of scientists at the ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute has achieved a significant breakthrough by decoding the entire genome of the Indian oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps), marking the first such achievement for a marine fish species from the Indian subcontinent.

Key Points

• Dinner Table Staple: The Indian oil sardine is a staple in Kerala, serving as a vital part of daily meals for both regular fish consumers and food enthusiasts.
• Dual Benefits: Sardine fisheries provide significant employment opportunities and fulfill the nutritional needs of the fish-eating population.
• Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA): Researchers have identified the genes responsible for PUFA biosynthesis in oil sardines, shedding light on the genomic mechanisms behind the fish's high nutritional value.
• Human Health: PUFA is essential for maintaining human health, making oil sardines a valuable dietary source.
• Climate Studies: The decoded genome will support climate studies and enhance fisheries stock management by offering insights into sustainable environmental and oceanographic factors.
• Origin Tracing: It will aid in tracing the origin of sardine catches, contributing to the understanding of sustainable fishing practices.
• Ecosystem Importance: Indian oil sardines play a vital ecological role by acting as an intermediate link in the marine food web and serving as prey for larger predators.
• Adaptation to Climate Change: The genome assembly provides a valuable tool for studying how fish adapt to climate change, benefiting marine ecosystem research.
• Significance: This breakthrough holds immense importance due to the Indian oil sardine's role in the local food supply and its susceptibility to catch fluctuations caused by climate change.