US–Armenia Sign Civil Nuclear Cooperation Deal

On 9th February 2026, Armenia and the United States agreed to cooperate in the civil nuclear sector, signing a landmark agreement during US Vice President JD Vance’s visit to the country alongside Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan.

Key Points

Civil Nuclear Agreement Signed: The two leaders signed a statement confirming completion of negotiations on a “123 Agreement,” which allows the United States to legally export nuclear technology, fuel and equipment to Armenia.
Major Economic Commitment: The deal is expected to enable up to $5 billion in initial US exports to Armenia, along with an additional $4 billion in long-term fuel supply and maintenance contracts.
Energy Partnership Expansion: Armenian Prime Minister Pashinyan described the agreement as the beginning of a new phase in energy cooperation between the two countries.
Diversification of Energy Sources: Armenia, long dependent on Russia and Iran for energy supplies, is exploring partnerships with multiple countries to reduce reliance and modernise its energy sector.
New Nuclear Reactor Plans: Armenia is reviewing proposals from companies in the US, Russia, China, France and South Korea to build a new nuclear reactor to replace the ageing Metsamor nuclear power plant.
Geopolitical Implications: The agreement strengthens US ties with Armenia and could reduce Russia’s traditional influence in the South Caucasus region.